Logarithm Calculator - Small Study Tools
📐 Logarithms · Exponentials · Log Laws

Logarithm Calculator

Evaluate any logarithm instantly — log base b, natural log (ln) and common log (log₁₀). Pro mode adds solve-for-x, expression condenser, log-to-exponential converter, derivative calculator and full step-by-step working.

Pro Version is Free for now
✓ Solve for x · Condenser · Derivative · Step-by-step · History · Law Reference
📐 Calculator

Enter base, e for natural log
Must be greater than 0
⚠ Base must be > 0 and ≠ 1. Number must be > 0.
log₁₀(1000)
Exponential Form

Convert between logarithmic form logb(x) = y and exponential form by = x. Enter any two values to find the third.

⚠ Please enter valid values — base must be > 0 and ≠ 1.
Converted Form

Apply the change-of-base formula to rewrite any logarithm in terms of log₁₀ or ln. Useful when your calculator only has log₁₀ and ln buttons.

⚠ All values must be > 0, base ≠ 1.
Result

Place the unknown x in any position — in the argument, the base, or the result. The solver finds x algebraically and shows every step.

⚠ Check inputs — ensure all values are valid numbers.
x =

Enter a multi-term log expression and condense it into a single logarithm using the Product, Quotient and Power rules. Use + for product, - for quotient, and a leading coefficient for power. Example: 2*log(a)+log(b)-log(c)

Use * for coefficients, + for product, - for quotient. Base 10 assumed.
⚠ Please enter a valid log expression like 2*log(a)+log(b).
Condensed Single Logarithm

Find the derivative d/dx of a logarithmic function. Enter the function and base. Supports ln(x), log(x), log_b(x), and functions of x inside the log.

E.g. ln(x), log(x²+1), log_3(5x)
Leave blank for natural log (e)
⚠ Enter a logarithmic function to differentiate.
d/dx f(x) =
📚 Logarithm Laws Reference
Product Rule
log_b(MN) = log_b(M) + log_b(N)
Log of a product equals the sum of the logs. Used when condensing additions of logs with the same base.
Quotient Rule
log_b(M/N) = log_b(M) − log_b(N)
Log of a quotient equals the difference of the logs. Used when condensing subtracted logs with the same base.
Power Rule
log_b(Mⁿ) = n · log_b(M)
Exponents inside a log become coefficients outside. Used to move coefficients inside the log as exponents.
Change of Base
log_b(x) = log(x) / log(b) = ln(x) / ln(b)
Rewrites any log in terms of log₁₀ or ln — needed when your calculator has no base-b button.
Log of 1
log_b(1) = 0 (for any base b > 0, b ≠ 1)
Any base raised to the power 0 equals 1, so the log of 1 is always 0 regardless of base.
Log of Base
log_b(b) = 1
The log of the base itself always equals 1 — because b¹ = b.
Inverse Property
b^(log_b(x)) = x and log_b(bˣ) = x
Logarithms and exponentials are inverse operations — they cancel each other out when the same base is used.
Natural Log Derivative
d/dx ln(x) = 1/x | d/dx log_b(x) = 1/(x·ln(b))
The derivative of ln(x) is 1/x. For other bases, divide by the natural log of the base.
📋 Calculation History
Complete a calculation to see history here.

Free Logarithm Calculator — Any Base, With Steps

A logarithm calculator should do more than spit out a number — it should show you how it got there, especially if you're using it to check homework. This tool evaluates any logarithm you throw at it: common log (base 10), natural log (ln, base e), or any custom base, then shows the exponential form alongside the result so you can see exactly what the answer means. Pro Mode adds full step-by-step working, matching what you'd write out by hand.

If you're specifically searching for a common logarithm calculator or a logarithm scientific calculator-style tool, the Evaluate panel covers exactly that — pick the log₁₀ preset, enter your number, and get the result instantly alongside natural log and log base 2 as quick reference values.

What this tool actually does: evaluates logarithms in any base, converts between logarithmic and exponential form, and applies the change-of-base formula. Pro Mode adds solving for an unknown x in any position, condensing multi-term expressions into a single logarithm, and differentiating logarithmic functions — each with full step-by-step working.

How to Calculate a Logarithm — Step by Step

1
Choose a preset base or enter your ownQuick presets cover log₁₀ (common), ln (natural) and log₂ (binary) — or type any custom base.
2
Enter your numberThe value must be greater than 0 — logarithms of zero or negative numbers aren't defined.
3
Read the result and its exponential formThe answer displays alongside the equivalent exponential statement, e.g. 10³ = 1000, so you can double-check it makes sense.
4
Switch to Pro Mode for full workingSee the change-of-base formula applied step by step, exactly how you'd show your work on paper.

How to Do a Logarithm on a Calculator

Most physical scientific calculators only have two logarithm buttons — log for base 10 and ln for base e. If you need a logarithm in any other base, like log base 5 or log base 2, your calculator can't do it directly with a single button press. The workaround is the change-of-base formula: logb(x) = log(x) ÷ log(b), computed using the log or ln button twice and then dividing. This tool's Change of Base panel applies that formula automatically and shows the numerator and denominator separately, so you can see exactly what your physical calculator would need to compute.

Solving a Logarithm for x

Where x actually sits changes how you solve for it. If x is the argument — logb(x) = y — convert to exponential form and compute x = by. If x is the base — logx(n) = y — solve x = n(1/y). If x is the result itself — logb(n) = x — you're just evaluating the logarithm directly. Pro Mode's Solve for x panel handles all three cases, with the correct algebraic rearrangement and full working shown for each.

Logarithm Laws Reference

Product Rule
log_b(MN) = log_b(M) + log_b(N)
Log of a product equals the sum of the logs.
Quotient Rule
log_b(M/N) = log_b(M) − log_b(N)
Log of a quotient equals the difference of the logs.
Power Rule
log_b(Mⁿ) = n · log_b(M)
Exponents inside a log become coefficients outside.
Change of Base
log_b(x) = ln(x) / ln(b)
Rewrites any log using only log₁₀ or ln.

These laws work in reverse too — Pro Mode's expression condenser takes a multi-term expression like 2·log(a) + log(b) − log(c) and combines it into a single logarithm, log(a²·b / c), applying the Power, Product and Quotient rules in the correct order and showing each step.

⚡ Quick Answers
What is a common logarithm?

A base-10 logarithm, usually written log(x). It asks: 10 to what power equals x?

What's the difference between log and ln?

log is base 10, ln is base e (≈2.71828) — both are logarithms, just different bases.

Can this calculator solve for x?

Yes, in Pro Mode — whether x is the argument, the base, or the result.

Is this logarithm calculator free?

Yes, fully free, including Pro Mode's solve-for-x, condenser and derivative tools.


Frequently Asked Questions

Common questions about logarithms, calculators and step-by-step working

A common logarithm is a logarithm with base 10, usually written as log(x) without a visible base, or explicitly as log10(x). It answers: 10 raised to what power equals x? This calculator's log₁₀ preset evaluates common logarithms directly.

Most scientific calculators have log (base 10) and ln (base e) buttons. For any other base, use the change-of-base formula: log_b(x) = log(x) / log(b). This tool applies that formula automatically for any base you enter.

Depends where x sits. Argument (log_b(x) = y): x = b^y. Base (log_x(n) = y): x = n^(1/y). Result (log_b(n) = x): evaluate directly. Pro Mode's Solve for x panel handles all three and shows the working.

Use the log laws: Product Rule combines added logs, Quotient Rule combines subtracted logs, Power Rule moves a coefficient inside as an exponent. E.g. 2·log(a) + log(b) − log(c) condenses to log(a²·b/c). Pro Mode's condenser does this automatically.

log usually refers to the common logarithm (base 10), while ln refers to the natural logarithm (base e, ≈2.71828). Both are logarithms — different bases give different results for the same number.

Yes, fully free, including the log-to-exponential converter and change-of-base tool. Pro Mode — also free — adds solve-for-x, expression condenser, derivative calculator, step-by-step working, history and a log laws reference.

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